In The Name Of God

 

 

In The Name Of God

           The Books That Authored And Translated by

                            Mohammad Hezarkhani                    

 

What are the health benefits of carrot juice?

Carrots are a common ingredient in many juices, as they provide a flavor that pairs well with many other fruits and vegetables.

Aside from taste, carrot juice may also provide numerous health benefits.

According to the United States Department of Agriculture National Nutrient Database, 1 cup of canned carrot juice contains:

 

• 94 kilocalories (kcal)
• 2.24 grams (g) of protein
• 0.35 g of fat
• 21.90 g of carbohydrate
• 1.90 g of fiber

 

The same amount of juice provides a variety of vitamins and minerals, including:

 

• 689 milligrams (mg) of potassium
• 20.1 mg of vitamin C
• 0.217 mg of thiamin
• 0.512 mg of vitamin B-6
• 2,256 micrograms (mcg) of vitamin A
• 36.6 mcg of vitamin K

 

Health benefits for carrot juice

Carrot juice is nutritious and may be beneficial for a range of health conditions:

Stomach cancer

Carrots contain antioxidants, which may explain their role in cancer prevention. In a review of studies, researchers looked at the effect of eating carrots on the risk for stomach cancer.

They concluded that eating carrots was associated with a 26 percent lower risk for stomach cancer. However, they did not specify how many had to be eaten to lower stomach cancer risk. More controlled studies are needed to confirm this association.

Leukemia

More research is needed, but carrot juice may have a future role in leukemia treatment.

In one study, researchers looked at the effect of carrot juice extracts on leukemia cells. The carrot juice extracts caused the leukemia cells to self-destruct and stopped their cell cycle.

Breast cancer

A study of breast cancer survivors looked at the effect of carrot juice on levels of carotenoids, markers of oxidative stress, and markers of inflammation in the blood.

The researchers reported that higher levels of carotenoids in the blood were associated with a lower risk of breast cancer returning.

During the study, participants consumed 8 ounces of carrot juice daily for 3 weeks. At the end of the study, the women had higher blood levels of carotenoids and lower levels of a marker associated with oxidative stress.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Carrot juice is high in vitamin C. Researchers looked at the association between dietary vitamin C intake and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Korean adults aged 40 years or older.

They found that people with COPD had significantly lower intakes of multiple nutrients found in carrot juice, including carotene, potassium, vitamin A, and vitamin C, than people without COPD.

However, people with COPD also ate significantly less food overall than people without COPD.

For people who smoked heavily, the risk of COPD is lower in those who consumed more vitamin C than those who consumed very little.

Possible risks and considerations

People with weakened immune systems — such as those receiving cancer treatment, pregnant women, young children, and older people — may need to avoid certain foods if there is a risk of these carrying food-borne illnesses.

Fruit and vegetable juices that are freshly squeezed or have not been pasteurized may have a higher risk of carrying germs.

The Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center state that people who have been told to follow a low-microbial diet should avoid unpasteurized fruit and vegetable juices unless they are made at home.

According to the U.S. Food & Drug Administration (FDA), pregnant women should choose juices that have been pasteurized or treated to have a long shelf life. Freshly squeezed juices, which may be sold at farmers' markets or juice bars, should also be avoided.

Carrots contain a type of carotenoid called beta-carotene that the body can convert into vitamin A.

Eating large amounts of carotenoids from foods has not been linked with harmful effects. However, the skin can turn yellow-orange if a person consumes large amounts of beta-carotene for a long time. This effect is called carotenoderma.

Takeaway

Carrot juice may offer many health benefits due to the concentrated levels of nutrients it contains.

However, carrot juice has less fiber and more sugar than whole carrots. Fiber is associated with weight management and lowering cholesterol levels.

Carrot juice may not be appropriate for everyone, especially pregnant women, young children, the elderly, and people with certain illnesses, depending on how it is prepared.

Carrot juice in moderation can be included as part of a healthy diet. However, drinking juice is not a replacement for eating whole fruits and vegetables.

 

 EDITED BY:M.Hezarkhani  M.D. UROLOGIST

 

Urine test developed to test for tuberculosis

 

December 14, 2017

 

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infected Human Dendritic Cells. Mtb appear as isolated or grouped red-purple stained rods. Kinyoun staining. Optical mycrocoscopy 20x.

 

An international team of researchers has developed a urine test that can be used to detect tuberculosis (TB) in human patients. In their paper published in Science Translational Medicine, the group describes how they developed the test and how well it works.

Scientists have been trying for some time to develop an easy way to test people for a Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. The two main types of tests currently in use, the skin test and the culture test, require a high degree of expertise. In this new effort, the researchers claim to have developed a urine test that can be conducted by untrained health care workers.

TB is a bacterial infection that primarily infects the lungs—10 million people are infected annually, and more than a 1.5 million of those victims die. Earlier detection and treatment, it is believed, would reduce suffering and fatalities.

Infographic explaining the advantages of a new test for tuberculosis

 

Map showing worldwide prevalence of tuberculosis infections.

An accurate urine test for pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), affecting 9.6 million patients worldwide, is critically needed for surveillance and treatment management. Past attempts failed to reliably detect the mycobacterial glycan antigen lipoarabinomannan (LAM), a marker of active TB, in HIV-negative, pulmonary TB–infected patients' urine (85% of 9.6 million patients). We apply a copper complex dye within a hydrogel nanocage that captures LAM with very high affinity, displacing interfering urine proteins. The technology was applied to study pretreatment urine from 48 Peruvian patients, all negative for HIV, with microbiologically confirmed active pulmonary TB. LAM was quantitatively measured in the urine with a sensitivity of >95% and a specificity of >80% (n = 101) in a concentration range of 14 to 2000 picograms per milliliter, as compared to non-TB, healthy and diseased, age-matched controls (evaluated by receiver operating characteristic analysis; area under the curve, 0.95; 95% confidence interval, 0.9005 to 0.9957). Urinary LAM was elevated in patients with a higher mycobacterial burden (n = 42), a higher proportion of weight loss (n = 37), or cough (n = 50). The technology can be configured in a variety of formats to detect a panel of previously undetectable very-low-abundance TB urinary analytes. Eight of nine patients who were smear-negative and culture-positive for TB tested positive for urinary LAM. This technology has broad implications for pulmonary TB screening, transmission control, and treatment management for HIV-negative patients.
Journal reference: Science Translational Medicine

درمان جدید در سرطان خون اطفال

درمان جدید در سرطان خون اطفال

 

The FDA has for the first time approved a treatment that uses a patient’s own genetically modified cells to attack a type of leukemia, opening the door to what the agency calls “a new frontier” in medicine.The approval Wednesday allows a process known as CAR T-cell therapy to be used in children or young adults fighting an often fatal recurrence of the most common childhood cancer — B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.And it clears the way for a new approach to fighting cancer by harnessing the body’s immune system — a long-sought goal of medical researchers.

FDA برای اولین بار روشی را تصویب کرده است که در آن از اصلاح ژنتیکی سلول های بیمار در درمان نوعی لوسمی استفاده می شود. این پروسه که با عنوان T-cell therapy CAR شناخته می شود ، در کودکان یا جوانان مورد استفاده قرار می گیرد و با عود کشنده  شایع ترین سرطان های کودکی (  لوسمی حاد لنفوبلاستیک B-cell  ) مبارزه می کند . این روش رویکرد جدیدی در مبارزه با سرطان با استفاده از سیستم ایمنی بدن به شمار می رود. 

مؤسسه تحقيقات، آموزش و درمان سرطان

Increased air pollution linked to bad teenage behavior

NEWS

Increased air pollution linked to bad teenage behavior

December 13, 2017

Credit: Peter Griffin/public domain

A new study linking higher levels of air pollution to increased teenage delinquency is a reminder of the importance of clean air and the need for more foliage in urban spaces, a Keck School of Medicine of USC researcher said.

Tiny pollution particles called particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5)—30 times smaller than a strand of hair—are extremely harmful to your health, according to Diana Younan, lead author of the study.

"These tiny, toxic particles creep into your body, affecting your lungs and your heart," said Younan, a preventive medicine research associate at the Keck School of Medicine. "Studies are beginning to show exposure to various air pollutants also causes inflammation in the brain. PM2.5 is particularly harmful to developing brains because it can damage brain structure and neural networks and, as our study suggests, influence adolescent behaviors."

The study, published on Dec. 13 in the Journal of Abnormal Psychology, suggests that ambient air pollution may increase delinquent behavior among 9- to 18-year-olds in urban neighborhoods in Greater Los Angeles. The insidious effects are compounded by poor parent-child relationships and parental mental and social distress, researchers said.

NEWS

Small increases in complications when knee replacement done as outpatient procedure

December 13, 2017

Some complications are more common when total knee replacement surgery is done as an outpatient or same-day procedure, reports a study in the December 6, 2017 issue of The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery.

Compared to conventional inpatient surgery, patients undergoing outpatient total knee arthroplasty (TKA) experience higher rates of certain complications, including infections, repeat surgery, and blood clots, according to the new research by Armin Arshi, MD, of the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and colleagues.

PEPD is a pivotal regulator of p53 tumor suppressor

• Lu Yang,
• Yun Li,

• Nature Communications 8, Article number: 2052 (2017)
• doi:10.1038/s41467-017-02097-9

12 December 2017

 

Cell-culture images excerpted from newly published Roswell Park research illustrate that disabling the protein peptidase is an effective strategy for killing cancer cells. Credit: Roswell Park Cancer Institute.

 

Peptidase D (PEPD), also known as prolidase among other names, was discovered 80 years ago to hydrolyze dipeptides with proline or hydroxyproline at the carboxy terminus. It is expressed ubiquitously and important for collagen metabolism.

PEPD also upregulates hypoxia-inducible factor-1, transforming growth factor beta 1 and its receptor via its catalytic products. Loss of enzymatic activity, due to PEPD gene mutation, is widely believed to be responsible for a disease known as PEPD deficiency (PD), which involves multiple organs and tissues, e.g.,

skin ulcer,

reduced bone growth,

splenomegaly,

immune malfunction,

and mental retardation.

However, therapies aimed at ameliorating PEPD enzymatic loss or enhancing collagen metabolism are largely ineffective. PD remains incurable.

 PEPD...... is a ligand of ErbB1 and ErbB2 which are oncogenic receptor tyrosine kinases, that the enzymatic function of PEPD is not needed for this activity, and that intracellular PEPD has no effect on these receptors. It remains unclear about the physiological importance of PEPD as a ligand of ErbB1 and ErbB2 or the involvement of these receptors in PD, as circulating PEPD level is kept low by a plasma proteolysis pathway.

However, recombinant human PEPD or an enzymatically inactive mutant, when added to cell culture or injected to tumor-bearing mice (with inhibition of the plasma proteolysis pathway), strongly inhibits the growth of cancer cells overexpressing ErbB1 and/or ErbB2. Thus, recombinant PEPD or its mutant is a promising cancer therapeutic. In addition, PEPD modulates expression of interferon α/β receptor IFNAR1, which is also independent of PEPD enzymatic activity. These findings reveal the hidden but important functions of PEPD.

We now present data showing that PEPD also suppresses p53, a pivotal multifunctional tumor suppresso. p53 regulation has been extensively studied, but we find that PEPD directly binds to p53 in the nucleus and cytoplasm and suppresses both transcription-dependent and transcription-independent activities of p53, which does not require PEPD enzymatic activity. We further find that PEPD suppression of p53 is essential for cell survival and tumor growth.

p53 is activated by various cellular stress inducers. Using doxorubicin (DOX) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) as examples, we find that the PEPD-p53 complex serves as a p53 depot which enables robust p53 activation by stress. These findings uncover an important physiological function of PEPD and a critical new regulatory mechanism of p53.

This study demonstrates that disrupting the association between PEPD and p53 causes cell death and tumor regression and also raises the possibility that tumor cells overexpress PEPD in order to enhance p53 inhibition.

EDITED BY:M.HEZARKHANI  M.D. UROLOGIST

Stress-responsive FKBP51 regulates AKT2-AS160 signaling and metabolic function

Anti-stress compound reduces obesity and diabetes

• Georgia Balsevich,
• Alexander S. Häusl,
• Carola W. Meyer,
• Stoyo Karamihalev,
• Xixi Feng,
• Max L. Pöhlmann,
• Carine Dournes,
• Andres Uribe-Marino,
• Sara Santarelli,
• Christiana Labermaier,
• Kathrin Hafner,

• Nature Communications 8, Article number: 1725 (2017)
• doi:10.1038/s41467-017-01783-y

23 November 2017

For the first time, scientists from the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry in Munich could prove that a stress protein found in muscle has a diabetes promoting effect. This finding could pave the way to a completely new treatment approach.

For some time, researchers have known that the protein FKBP51 is associated with depression and anxiety disorders. It is involved in the regulation of the stress system -- when the system does not function properly; mental disorders may develop. Now, researchers at the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry have discovered a new, surprising role for this protein: It acts as a molecular link between the stress regulatory system and metabolic processes in the body.

"FKBP51 influences a signaling cascade in muscle tissue, which with excessive calorie intake leads to the development of glucose intolerance, i.e., the key indicator of diabetes type 2," project leader Mathias Schmidt summarizes.

An unhealthy diet, rich in fat means stress for the body. If FKBP51 is increasingly produced in the muscle it leads to reduced absorption of glucose -- as a result, diabetes and obesity may develop.

If FKBP51 is blocked, diabetes will not develop, even if too many calories are consumed or the body is still stressed. Less FKBP51 in the muscle tissue means reduced glucose intolerance and thus maintenance of normal metabolism.

2017 ScienceDaily

EDITED BY:M.Hezarkhani   M.D. UROLOGIST

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